International Journal Papier Public Review

The Effect of Inventory Management Practices on Supply Chain Performance of Perishable Food Products: A Case of Small Enterprises in Dar es Salaam

Sylivester Lugina, Benitha Myamba — Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study examines how inventory management practices affect supply chain performance for perishable food products among small enterprises in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, addressing the challenge of managing perishables efficiently in resource-constrained environments. Perishable goods require precise inventory practices due to their limited product lifespan and high risk of spoilage. The study focused on inventory turnover, inventory record accuracy, and demand forecast accuracy as key variables influencing supply chain performance. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected from 292 respondents using structured questionnaires targeting managers and staff involved in inventory and supply chain operations. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to interpret the data. The results revealed that all three inventory practices had a statistically significant positive impact on supply chain performance, with inventory turnover exerting the greatest influence. Accurate inventory records and reliable demand forecasts were also found to be essential for improving order fulfillment and minimizing waste. The study concludes that improving inventory practices can significantly enhance the performance of perishable supply chains in small enterprises. It recommends adopting simple tracking tools, coordinated ordering strategies, and basic forecasting methods, along with staff training, to strengthen operational capacity in informal urban markets.

Work Discipline of State Civil Apparatus at the Bureau of Procurement of Goods and Services of the Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province

Merdiane J. Tiolung, Novie R. Pioh, Very Y. Londa — Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze the level of discipline of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Bureau of Procurement of Goods and Services (BPBJ) of the Regional Secretariat of North Sulawesi Province, as a strategic factor in supporting the effectiveness of government administration and public services. ASN discipline is an important indicator of professionalism, integrity, and transparent and accountable bureaucratic performance. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation of five informants consisting of structural officials and implementing staff. Data analysis was carried out inductively to describe the factual condition of ASN discipline based on Sutrisno's theory (2011) which includes five main indicators, namely compliance with regulations, compliance with superiors, attendance level, punctuality in completing tasks, and willingness to carry out additional work. The results of the study indicate that the level of ASN discipline at BPBJ is still not optimal. Some violations found include non-compliance with dress codes, late arrivals, absences without explanation, and lack of responsibility in completing tasks on time. Furthermore, the implementation of internal oversight has not been accompanied by the application of strict sanctions, thus failing to provide a deterrent effect for civil servants who violate the law. The study's conclusions emphasize the need to strengthen the disciplinary development system through increased individual awareness, leadership role models, and consistent implementation of sanctions to create a professional apparatus with integrity and commitment to supporting bureaucratic reform within the North Sulawesi Provincial Government.

Turnaround Times and Freight Wagon Competitiveness: Evidence from Tanzania Railways Corporation

Robert Lenard Mdoe, Salum Chang’waro, Michael Soka, Clashon Onesmo — Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Turnaround time remains a major constraint to the competitiveness of freight operations at Tanzania Railways Corporation (TRC). This study examined the effect of turnaround time on the competitiveness of TRC’s freight services, focusing on three critical components: cargo handling time, maintenance time, and wagon retention time. Adopting a positivist philosophy and a quantitative, explanatory research design, the study sampled 171 participants, comprising TRC staff and freight clients, of whom 152 responded. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that cargo handling time (ß = - 0.143, Sig. = 0.087) had an insignificant negative effect on competitiveness while wagon retention time (ß = -0.243, Sig. = 0.000) had a significant negative effect. Conversely, maintenance time (ß = 0.333, Sig. = 0.000) demonstrated a significant positive impact. These findings imply that inefficiencies in cargo handling and prolonged wagon retention undermine TRC’s service competitiveness, while effective maintenance contributes positively to. The study recommends that TRC invest in advanced technologies, workforce training, and preventive maintenance. Additionally, improvements in scheduling and logistics coordination are necessary to minimize retention time and enhance overall operational performance and service appeal. This study contributes empirical evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa to the limited literature on rail freight turnaround times, offering managerial insights for improving operational efficiency in state-owned railway corporations.

The Factors Associated with Prevalence of Road Accidents in Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Bakari Hamis Mohamedy, Prosper S. Nyaki — Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Road accidents have become a common challenge in Tanzania’s urban centers, particularly Dar es Salaam, which records the highest number of traffic incidents nationally. This study examined the factors influencing the prevalence of road accidents in Tanzania, focusing on driver behaviors, motor vehicle faults, and pedestrian behaviors. Guided by a positivist philosophy and deductive approach, an explanatory research design was employed to establish causal relationships. A sample of 392 respondents, including drivers, conductors, passengers, and pedestrians, was selected using stratified and probability sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and documentary reviews from sources such as LATRA and the National Bureau of Statistics. Quantitative analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS, applying descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that driver behaviors, pedestrian behaviors, and vehicle faults all contribute to road accidents. However, pedestrian behaviors (β = 0.217, p = 0.000) and driver behaviors (β = 0.146, p = 0.044) showed the strongest significant influence, while vehicle faults had a weak and statistically insignificant effect (β = 0.109, p = 0.046). The study recommends enhancing driver education, promoting pedestrian safety through better infrastructure, and strengthening vehicle inspection programs. The findings provide empirical evidence for policymakers to design effective interventions to reduce road accidents in Tanzania.

Evaluation of the Voter Data Input and Update Process in the Voter List Update Policy in Gorontalo Regency

Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Updating the voter list is a crucial element in election administration, ensuring accurate and valid voter data. This study aims to evaluate the input and update process of voter data in the voter list updating policy in Gorontalo Regency for the 2020 Regional Elections. The methodology used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews and observations of Voter List Updating (Pantarlih) officers, members of the General Elections Commission (KPU), and Bawaslu (Elections Supervisory Agency). This study uses the CIPP evaluation model to assess the input, process, and results of the voter data updating implementation. The results show that despite the availability of Pantarlih officers, budget, and logistics are sufficient, significant obstacles remain in regional accessibility and the use of manual methods in updating voter data. The data matching process, which still relies on physical data collection, is considered inefficient and prone to errors. The evaluation also highlights the need for electronic-based applications to speed up the process and improve data accuracy. The application implementation is expected to simplify the work of officers, especially in areas with challenging geographical conditions. This study concludes that updating the voter list in Gorontalo Regency still faces various challenges, primarily related to the limited number of officers and manual processes. Therefore, the development and implementation of information technology is necessary to increase efficiency and transparency in updating the voter list for the upcoming election.